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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of participants (n = 394)

From: The role of smartphone addiction and family dynamics in sleep quality among earthquake-affected adolescents

Variables

n (%) / Mean ± SD

Gender

Male

196 (49.7)

Female

198 (50.3)

Age

15.8 ± 1.5

School performance

Good

216 (54.8)

Average

125 (31.7)

Poor

53 (13.5)

Daily exercise (in the past month)

None

162 (41.1)

Less than one hour

115 (29.2)

More than one hour

117 (29.7)

Place of residence

City center

60 (15.2)

District center

275 (69.8)

Rural areas

59 (15)

Relationship with parents

Good

210 (53.3)

Average

132 (33.5)

Poor

52 (13.2)

Mother’s education level

Middle school or below

244 (61.9)

High school or above

150 (38.1)

Father’s education level

Middle school or below

149 (37.8)

High school or above

245 (62.2)

Mother’s employment status

Unemployed

269 (68.3)

Employed

125 (31.7)

Father’s employment status

Unemployed

57 (14.5)

Employed

337 (85.5)

Family income

Less than expenses

110 (27.9)

Equal to expanses

169 (42.9)

More than expanses

115 (29.2)

Parental marital status

Married

346 (87.8)

Separated

48 (12.2)

Number of siblings

0–1

39 (9.9)

2–3

172 (43.7)

4 and above

183 (46.4)

Total number of smart devices in the home

0–1

10 (2.5)

2–3

134 (34.0)

4 and above

250 (63.5)

Mother’s daily smart device usage

Less than one hour

115 (29.2)

1–2 h

141 (35.8)

3 h and more

138 (35)

Father’s daily smart device usage

Less than one hour

76 (19.3)

1–2 h

132 (33.5)

3 h and more

186 (47.2)

Adolescent’s daily smart device usage

Less than one hour

46 (11.7)

1–2 h

69 (17.5)

3 h and more

279 (70.8)

Location during the earthquake

Inside a building

381 (96.7)

Outside a building

13 (3.3)

Him/herself or family member trapped under rubble

Yes

78 (19.8)

No

316 (80.2)

Loss of a relative due to the earthquake

Yes

158 (40.1)

No

236 (59.9)

Post-earthquake relocation

Yes

121 (30.7)

No

273 (69.3)

Current residence

Own home

241 (61.2)

Rented/Relative’s home

112 (28.4)

Container

41 (10.4)

Level of fear during the earthquake

Not afraid

23 (5.8)

Afraid

115 (29.2)

Very afraid

256 (65)

Smartphone addiction score / Addiction status

32.5 ± 11.9 / 228 (57.9)

Sleep quality score / Poor sleep quality

7.1 ± 3.5 / 261 (66.2)